Essay about Hcs 235 Health Care Utilization Option 1

Health Care Utilization Option 1 University of Phoenix Health Care Delivery in the United States HCS 235 January 13, 2013 Health Care Utilization Option 1 Introduction Health care reform in the United States is a hot topic and the source of legislation meant to make health care obtainable to Americans. Recent presidential elections have been platforms used to promote health care reform yet no one can agree on what the resolution will be. This paper will discuss ways recent health care reform measures have expanded or inhibited access to health care. This paper will discuss how changes to access may lead to influences in utilization. Concepts of what universal health care may be and how current care reflects or contrasts†¦show more content†¦1). These factors are both mutable and immutable. The mutable factors are education and income. The individual or the community can change these factors. The immutable factors are sex, age, and ethnicity. These factors are not subject to change as they are the finite aspects of an individual. Health care access in America, the most powerful country in the world should be a rite of citizenship upon birth. There should be no issue with obtaining access to health care. Many factors can influence a person’s access to health care. Age can influence access to health care because some physicians will treat only children or only the elderly. Income can influence access to health care because specialty driven health care usually involves significant out-of-pocket expense to the patient because some procedures are not covered by health insurance. Location also can be an influence on access to health care. Many patients do not have transportation because of age, dependency on family members, health reasons, or financial reasons. According to the Journal of the National Medical Association, Access to health care can influence the prevalence of chronic disease risks and cancer screening utilization in many ways (Shavers, Shanker, Alberg, 2002, p. 955). If patients are not givenShow MoreRelatedHealth Care Utilization1135 Words   |  5 PagesHealth Care Utilization Paper Option B Svetlana Leyzerov HCS/235 May 25, 2015 Hanna Matatyaho Health Care Utilization Paper Option B The Behavioral Model of Health Services utilization was developed by Ron Andersen in 1968, and subsequently refined with his colleagues over the years. It is the most widely adopted conceptual framework for studying the use of health services, especially with regard to determining whether or not access to and consumption of health services is fair. TheRead MoreHealth Care Utilization Paper1175 Words   |  5 Pages HEALTH CARE UTILIZATION PAPER HCS/235 September 28, 2014 Paul Dereadt With the vast adjustment in health care which came into Law on March 23, 2012, the avenues of health care were expanded. Health Care Reform gave access to affordable Health Insurance and Health Care to the citizens and legal residents with low to middle income. For those who were already insured, the plan included measures to enhance affordability and stability. Whereas, in prior years leading to Health Care Reform millionsRead MoreContemporary Issues in Management Accounting211377 Words   |  846 PagesContemporary Issues in Management Accounting This page intentionally left blank Contemporary Issues in Management Accounting Edited by ALNOOR BHIMANI 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford ox2 6dp Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoRead More1000 Word Essay85965 Words   |  344 Pages..... 140 M203 - 40 mm Grenade Launcher ......................... 144 M240B - Machine Gun ................................ 147 M249 - Machine Gun ................................. 150 M60 - Machine Gun .................................. 154 Page 1 / 389  © Copyright 1999-2012 ArmyStudyGuide.com Version 5.3 M72 - Light Anti-Tank Weapon .......................... M9 Pistol ......................................... M11 Pistol ......................................... MK19 - 40 mm Grenade MachineRead MoreMerger and Acquisition: Current Issues115629 Words   |  463 PagesData Mergers and acquisitions : current issues / edited by Greg N. Gregoriou and Karyn L. Neuhauser. p. cm. Includes index. ISBN 0-230-55379-6 (alk. paper) 1. Consolidation and merger of corporations. I. Gregoriou, Greg N., 1956– II. Neuhauser, Karyn L. HD2746. 5. M4365 2007 338.8’3—dc22 2007021799 10 16 9 15 8 14 7 13 6 12 5 11 4 10 3 09 2 08 1 07 Printed and bound in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham and Eastbourne To my mother Evangelia and in loving memory of my father Nicholas

Aulani Marketing Report free essay sample

This marketing research project is developed to benefit the future development of Aulani, a Disney Resort and Spa, especially focus on green marketing perspective. In this project, the format of marketing plan is followed and it has four main parts. First, a general business description is given, having an overview of Aulani. Second, the internal business environment of Aulani is analyzed, from both fundamental principal of marketing perspective and green marketing perspective. Following is the analysis of Aulani’s external business environment, which can be divided into two parts, general environment and competitor analysis. Finally, SWOT analysis is withdrawn to conclude the previous analysis and two marketing strategies are recommended. I. General Business Description 1. Production Description Opened on August 29, 2011, Aulani, a Disney Resort and Spa, locates at Ko Olina Resort and Marina in the Hawaiian island of Oahu. It has two main 15-story buildings with 343 hotel rooms and 16 suites plus 460 Disney Vacation Club Villas. We will write a custom essay sample on Aulani Marketing Report or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Besides, there are two full-service restaurants, a buffet eatery, two lounges and two pool-side shacks that serve beverages and Pu Pu platter (an American Chinese Cuisine). The beachfront resorts also include an 8,200 square feet pool complex with two slides, a lazy river and an artificial snorkeling lagoon, a spa encompassed 18,000 square feet, and a 15,000 square feet conference center with around 40,000 square feet of outdoor venues. Other unparalleled amenities are fitness center, Aunty’s Beach House (Kids’ Club) and Painted Sky (Teen Spa). . Vision/mission statement As a part of the Walt Disney Company, Aulani shares the same mission of the company, which is â€Å"to be one of the worlds leading producers and providers of entertainment and information. Using our portfolio of brands to differentiate our content, services and consumer products, we seek to develop the most creative, innovative and profitable entertainment experiences and related products in the world .    While as for Aulani itself, the aim of it is to convey Hawaiian culture to visitors. This goal of Aulani is suggested by the meaning of â€Å"Aulani†, which means â€Å"messenger of a chief†: one who delivers messages from a higher authority†. II. Analysis of Internal Business Environment 1. Fundamental Principles of Marketing A. Product/Service With the Walt Disney first-rate dedication, Disney Imagineers worked together with Hawaiian locals to create Aulani, made it a perfect and enjoyable vacation destination for family with all ages and different sizes. Guests can celebrate Hawaiian culture, traditions and history from contemporary Hawaiian art featured throughout the Resort, to myriad recreational activities, culinary programs, excursions and more, being immersed in the legends of the island and experiencing the true enchantment of Hawaii. The needs of guests are promised to always be assured by the Disney’s world-famous service, so that guests can be truly relaxing to enjoy time with family. B. Price There are four types of rooms/suites in the two main buildings: Standard Room; Parlor Room; Lei Huhu Suit and Ahu U’la Suite. The price range is from $399 a night for the Standard Room to $2,499 a night for the Ahu U’la Suite. As for Disney Vacation Club Villas, Deluxe Studio, 1-Bedroom Villa, 2-Bedroom Villa and Grand Villa are available for Disney Vacation Club Members. Members pay the accommodation by their Vacation Points. C. Place Avoided squeezing in hundreds of hotels in Waikiki, Aulani chooses to be a part of Ko Olina Resort Community and Marina, which is in the western side of Oahu, 27 miles away from Waikiki and 17 miles from International Airport. Ko Olina is a laid-back community with picturesque natural views and well-rounded recreational amenities, which is one of the premier resort destinations in Hawaii. It not only has sweeping ocean views, picture-postcard white sand beaches and tranquil crystal blue lagoon, but also owns championship golf course, shopping center as well as snorkeling and fishing spots. Aulani is nestled between the lush green mountains and beautiful ocean waters, taken up 21 acres of beachfront property of Ko Olina. D. Promotion As a world’s leading company, Walt Disney Company is a master in terms of promotion. Besides using traditional channel, such as television, newspaper, official websites and radio, to promote, Aulani also makes use of social networking like Facebook and Twitter to create word of mouth momentum. The most impressing way of their promotion is that they welcome bloggers to come to their events and to interview their managers, which is not every company would like to does. The CEO of Walt Disney Company believes that social networking can easily reach people who might be interested in Disney and can get great their feedback immediately. Moreover, according to Lilly Yeatman, Marketing Director for Aulani, the current target markets of Aulani are Mainland United States and Japan, and they have several marketing managers to deal with issues in terms of these two regions. 2. Green Marketing As more and more people are aware of environmental problems which our human being are facing, most people nowadays do shopping with some degree of morality in mind, taking social or environmental issues into consideration as they select from a range of product or services. Therefore, the concept of â€Å"green marketing† or â€Å"sustainable marketing† becomes emerging in the field of marketing. According to the  American Marketing Association, green marketing  is the marketing of products that are presumed to be environmentally safe and it incorporates a broad range of activities, including product modification, changes to the production process, packaging changes, as well as modifying advertising. It mainly takes four forms from eco-friendly aspects, which are operational sustainability, green products/services, sustainable marketing and environmental causes. As a resort which is engaged in service industry, Aulani pursues green marketing by adopting operational sustainability and green services. 1. Operational sustainability Operational sustainability basically means business improves sustainability by reducing everyday energy and minimizing pollution using green technologies. In the case of Aulani, the design and construction of its buildings are where reflecting this concept most. Disney architects mainly focus on three aspects: recycle and reuse energy, improve energy efficiency and control air quality. Following are some examples in terms of these three aspects. Recycle and reuse energy + The waste heat from air-conditioning is reused via heat pump technology, which can capture waste heat from air-conditioning chillers and use it as the energy to heat the water running out of hot-water faucets. + The  Aulani construction team successfully recycled more than half of the construction waste materials that were generated on site. Materials that were recycled included concrete, concrete masonry units, wood, metal, steel, aluminum, cardboard and glass, as well as green waste from planting materials. Improve energy efficiency + â€Å"Cool roof† technology reflects the infrared spectrum back into the atmosphere, adjusting the roof temperature by different situation and helping to keep buildings cool. While â€Å" green roofs† above the spa fitness center and the kitchen at â€Å"AMA’AMA† can automatically deflect the infrared spectrum and provide natural shade. The elevators in Aulani use nearly one-third less energy than traditional elevators and they don’t require petroleum-based lubricants, based on fossil fuels. Moreover, the emergency stairwells have energy-saving lighting technology, with a bi-level emergency lighting that keeps stairwells illuminated with minimum code lighting at all times. Only when a person enters the stairwell, sensors activate and the lighting level w ill increase. Control air quality + â€Å"Demand ventilation† is used as a technique is spaces such as ballrooms and meeting rooms to minitor the air quality. This technique measures the carbon dioxide being emitted from spaces when large numbers of guests gather, which means air can be customized for the number of people in the room. + Furthermore, indoor air quality standards of Aulani have been established for the resort by the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers. B. Green Product/Service Besides operational sustainability, green product/service is the other main aspects of green marketing which are implemented by Aulani. Green product/service is defined as â€Å"Companies producing products can do many things to improve the green factor of their offerings. † Being a resort in the service industry, Aulani makes its service green mainly by promoting concept and creating sustainable programme or activities for guest. Promoting concept Using â€Å"big H, little d† as their promotion concept, Aulani respects Hawaiian culture fits into Hawaiian style rather than brings in tons of Disney fancy stuffs. Unlike other Disney theme Parks, Aulani here in Hawaii tries not to be â€Å"an island of an island†. You even can hardly find Disney characters when you are have fun here, because Disney imagineers work with cultural consultants and community leaders as well as with local artists and designers, and they try to make here to be real magical Polynesian villages, so that guests could have an authentic Hawaiian experience to celebrate Hawaii’s living culture. This promotion concept is evident to benefit for the fragile culture of Hawai’i. The value of respecting the land and culture is surely sustainable for passing Hawaii culture from generation to generation and the culture may spread it to other places in the world by Aulani’s guests. Sustainable programs or activities There are many sustainable programs and activities which Aulani’s guests can participate in conservation. Joe Rohde,  vice president and executive designer for Walt Disney Imagineering, said that the purpose of creating sustainable programs and activities for guests is that the hope to enlighten and entertain, and also raise awareness about the importance of supporting conservation in Hawaii, at home and globally where the Disney Worldwide Conservation Fund is supporting projects. The most impressed one may be steeping into muddy taro field and helping harvest the taro with community volunteers. A green taro field is located at the entry of Aulani, which is maintained by some community volunteers. Taro is a heart of soul of Hawaiian culture, by having the true experience of taro farming and being told the traditional Hawaiian stories, guest will have a better understand of Hawaiian culture. Another incredible spots which guests can enjoy are Rainbow Reef Snorkel Lagoon and the Makai Preserve, which share nature up close with guests. Aulani makes them home to the graceful hihimanu brown stingrays and other colorful creatures of the sea. Moreover, Aulani has a resort-wide recycling program for guests and workers to participate. The recycling items include cardboard, aluminum, paper and plastic, as well as food waste, electronics, batteries, and light bulbs. III. Analysis of External Business Environment 1. General Environment A. Economics According to the report which is issued by the University of Hawaii Economic Research Organization  on 4th November, 2011, Hawaii’s economics is in pause mode. The general economic trend continues to slowdown through the recovery process with heightened external risks. Stagnant labor market, absent construction and limited income growth are considered having evident problems, although in some respects Hawaii’s economics is healthier than the United States as a whole. However, it forecasts that the trend of Hawaii’s economic recovery process will turn out to be positive as moving into 2012. In this report, it also mentions that United States’ economic conditions remained suffering and consumer confidence and spending is still anemic. Moreover, being the number one income of Hawaii, tourism sector also has suffered this year, from the Japanese earth quake, higher energy prices, and deteriorating US consumer confidence. The data released by the Department of Business, Economics and Tourism in Hawaii shows that the growth rate of tourism sector in the second quarters of 2011 is lower than previous quarters. The total number of visitors arriving by air to Hawaii increases only by 0. 5 percent in the second quarter, with the number of domestic visitors grows by 1. percent while the number of international visitors decreases by 2. 2 percent. Although the total number of international visitors decreases in the second quarter, the strong point for tourism this year is that the number of visitors who come from countries other than US and Japan is soaring and these visitors makes up 18 percent of the tourism market in this year through September. Scheduled airline seats from Australia, South Korea, and Canada are up 28 per cent, 78 percent and 6. 6 percent respectively. B. Culture Although experiencing the history of Euro/American colonialism, Hawaii retains its unique culture of their authentic Polynesian ancestors. Aloha, Onaha are two core cultural values among Hawaiian, which are considered persistent and are passed from generation to generation. Aloha is the most famous cultural value in Hawaii, which represents affection, love, peace, compassion and mercy. It is the coordination of mind and heart within every Hawaiian, bringing every Hawaiian to the self. It encourages everyone to think and emote good feelings to others. The Aloha spirits make Hawaii a place with friendly, nice and giving people. Ohana, which means family, is the most important value in Hawaiian culture. It is defined as a group of related people who share nearly everything, from land and food to children and status. This group of people is not necessarily related by blood, they can be anyone who shares a common sense of aloha. Hawaiians embraces Ohana as the basic unit of society and the best form of human expression. They believe that everyone has a responsibility to use their talents to benefit the entire ohana. 2. Competitor Analysis There are other three main resorts at Ko Olina, which are JW Marriott Ihilani Resort and Spa, Marriott’s Ko Olina Beach Club timeshare resort, and the Beach Villas at Ko Olina condominium resort. Among of these competitors, JW Marriott Ihilani Resort and Spa is considered as the most competitive one, since it has the longest history and highest reputation. Following is a table showing the comparison of Aulani and JW Marriott Ihilani. , which shows that the overall scale as well as the variability of amenities and programs of Aulani cannot match for JW Marriott Ihilani. |

Jane Eyre Relating to Feminism and Bertha Manson as an Alter Ego Essay Example

Jane Eyre: Relating to Feminism and Bertha Manson as an Alter Ego Essay The novel, Jane Eyre, describes the transformation from childhood to adulthood of an orphaned girl named Jane. Bertha Mason, is portrayed as the alter ego of the orphaned girl, Jane Eyre. This statement could be interrupted in many ways. One being-for an example- Bertha being a symbol and representation of Jane’s feeling in regard to the situation of her marrying Rochester. Another is some likeliness of both women’s actions. Jane Eyre may feel as if the matter of marriage is oppressing her. The dreams she received after the engagement suggests she secretly fears being submitted. Also, she may rage at the idea of losing her freedom and yielding to a higher power, which in this case is Rochester. Jane herself does not show all of these emotions, but they are animated through the actions of Bertha. Bertha tearing the bridal veil could stand for a metaphorical sign or warning for Jane as to not get married. On another note, Bertha is also the obstacle that stops the wedding from persisting on; she is not only a metaphorical element, but is also a physical obstacle as well. The male dominating aspect relates both Bertha and Jane. Bertha was tied and locked away, showing the bondage and effect Victorian marriage had on mental and emotional health. It suggests that it suffocated women and took away their freedom. Jane was forced and expected to concede at both Gateshead Hall and Lowood Institution. We will write a custom essay sample on Jane Eyre: Relating to Feminism and Bertha Manson as an Alter Ego specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Jane Eyre: Relating to Feminism and Bertha Manson as an Alter Ego specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Jane Eyre: Relating to Feminism and Bertha Manson as an Alter Ego specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer She was harassed and also suggested by many that she not be so passionate. Knowing back then women for expected to fit the perfect imagine of civil, mannered, and self contained. Although, Jane was self righteous, opinionated, and passionate when younger. She learned to be well behaved and level headed at Lowood Institution the younger oppressed side of her reveals from her alter ego, Bertha. The likeliness of some events that occurred pertaining to both women does suggest that the madwoman in the attic is indeed the alter ego of Jane. Firstly, Bertha having been locked in a room for about ten years and goes insane. Jane gets locked in the red room at the young age of ten for about five minutes and lashes out hysterically. Secondly, after Bertha attacks Mr Mason she then gets tied up in the attic; Jane, when younger, received a threat to be restrained by her aunt if she did not yield. Lastly, the mad women is mental insane and Jane starts to hear voices. The madwoman in the attic has many symbols and roles that could be interpreted in this novel. Whether it is the horrors of Victorian marriage or the controlled element of the female gender. The statement states that Bertha is the alter ego to Jane Eyre and for many reasons. The madwoman in the attic plays a big role in representing Jane herself and her unconscious and internal conflicts. Including some key emotional events Jane went through in childhood. The relations between the two just goes to show that you can’t quite escape your past characteristics and suppress them for long.

Free Response about the Amistad †History Informal Essay

Free Response about the Amistad – History Informal Essay Free Online Research Papers Free Response about the Amistad History Informal Essay The Amistad Case can be easily seen as a case about 53 Africans taken from their homes, put on the Tecora taken to Cuba, and from there placed on the Amistad where the mutiny began. The Case itself has a sort of allegory; one story being a group of Africans being held for murder in the supreme court, while all along igniting the wood that started the fire for people to open their eyes to the world around them. The hided story is how the Amistad became the bases or the foundation of just about anything that happen after the case. Proven through discussions and research the Amistad Case can be related to an array of situations. The Amistad Case opened the world to the fact that Slavery is very much alive. Slavery doesn’t necessarily mean physically enslaved but, you can be economically enslaved, and mentally enslaved as well. The Amistad Case itself dealt with so many different issues than what was on the surface. OK it talked about slavery, great we got that, but if we go deeper then what. You learn that the Case hit Natural Rights, put â€Å"God† in question, attacked treaties previously made prier to the case, The Constitution of the U.S., Checks and Balances, and Morality. Questions such as â€Å"Are Blacks people?†, â€Å"Should Blacks be considered equal?†, â€Å"it’s slavery a necessary sin?†, â€Å"Can the President toy with the Justice system?†, â€Å"What is right and wrong?†, â€Å"Were our forefathers right when writing the constitution?†, etc. The legal and political issues during this case were intertwined together. The fact that election time was right around the corner during the whole case led to some â€Å"fooling around† by the president. Martin Van Buren was not necessarily supporting his opinion in this case. He knew that this case was the one thing every president dreaded right before elections. Van Buren did not want to be the president in office that would be remembered as the Man in Office when the United States was spilt into North and South. Van Buren had to make sure this case went his way. He changed the Judge in the District Court of Connecticut to a younger Judge, in hopes to manipulate him, this obviously put Checks and Balances into question. After the new judge (Andrew T. Judson) decided that the Africans should be returned to Africa, shortly after, an appeal was called to the Supreme Court to handle this case again. William Holabird was arguing that the Africans should be returned to Ruiz and Montez; while Baldwin was arguing that the Africans were never property to begin with and therefore the Treaty of 1795 (Pinckney’s Treaty) would not apply. Lt. Gedney claimed salvage on the Amistad under the Pinckney Treaty, stating he risked his life to save the ship. Religion was a big aspect during the Amistad Case. Many abolitionists for explain were trying to inflict the people morally and through their hearts than battling in the court system. John C. Calhoun stated slavery as â€Å"a good sin† and was necessary for life. This is leading to economical slavery being enforced onto people. Calhoun was making it quite clear that this Case would be the spark to the war between the north and south. Abolitionists didn’t really care of the safety of the Africans, their purpose was much greater, they were there for a sacrifice; similar to Jesus. Abolitionists and Calhoun even though were on different â€Å"sides† used religion as their method to reach to people. There were some important people that need to get mentioned in order to show I know who’s who. Cinque is obviously the â€Å"leader† of the Africans aboard the Amistad. Coming from West Africa Cinque’s motive to return home was to be with his family. Roger Sherman Baldwin was the lawyer in the Amistad’s defense. Baldwin spent most of his time trying to show that the Africans aboard the Amistad were born in Africa and not on a slave trading felicity. Baldwin’s motives were clearly money and recognition. Mr. Justice Story was the justice from the Supreme Court that gave the opinion of the court; while Mr. Justice Baldwin gave the dissented of the court (which was only himself). James Covey and Charles Pratt were the two translators found by the professor at Yale, Josiah W. Gibbs, to help Baldwin communicate with the Africans. William Holabird was the U.S. district attorney in Connecticut claiming that the Africans should be turned over to the custody of the United States. Lt. Gedney was aboard the Washington (a U.S. Naval boat) claiming salvage on the cargo within the Amistad. John Q. Adams was an abolitionist who helped Baldwin in the Supreme Court to have the Africans returned back to Africa. Martin Van Buren was the President at the time of the case. Van Buren tried to interfere with the Judicial Branch to make sure the out come of the case benefited him. The Aftermath of the Amistad is even more important than the case itself. Simply because of the events that followed. The Civil War has a direct correlation with the Amistad case; why if this case was never brought up a Civil War may have never of happened in America. Segregation was a form of mental slavery connected with the Amistad Case, subconsciously people separated into their own cliques or groups. The Case may have been about breaking of treaties and doing things illegal, but those aren’t important. The Amistad case opened the doors for further cases to go to trial. This case alone did not end the institution of slavery, but it sure help to get there. Now we all should know that the Africans were able to go back home, but not all of them left to go back to West Africa; only 35 went. Martin Van Buren did not win the election he had hoped to win, even after the effort he put in to manipulate the Judicial System. The Amistad case led to economical slavery. Why after the C ivil War people of a race (other than white) were enslaved to certain jobs, low wages, etc.; granted this is a generalization. Not to mention Slavery was the true motive for new technology, why if you own 10 slaves and technology made it so a certain machine requires 2 slaves. What do you do with the other 8? You get more land for more slaves to use those machines. The need for more slaves was a definite yes, seeing as though plantation owners wanted more money. This led people to being economically enslaved while physically enslaving to do so. This may seem as too far of a starch but the Amistad case had an impact on being a child. The need for someone to guide you, or â€Å"control† you is mental enslavement. I guess about anything can relate to the Amistad case. Well for being my first time doing this I’m not sure how good or bad it is (whatever that is). I know the organization of the paper is a little confusing but it states what it needs to state about the Amistad Case. This is what I know about the Amistad without all the most obvious situations. Research Papers on Free Response about the Amistad - History Informal EssayThe Fifth HorsemanCapital Punishment19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraPETSTEL analysis of IndiaLifes What IfsHip-Hop is ArtQuebec and CanadaAppeasement Policy Towards the Outbreak of World War 2Analysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaBringing Democracy to Africa

John Lloyd Stephens and Frederick Catherwood

John Lloyd Stephens and Frederick Catherwood John Lloyd Stephens and his traveling companion Frederick Catherwood are probably the most famous couple of Mayan explorers. Their popularity is linked to their best-selling book Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatn, first published in 1841. Incidents of Travel is a series of anecdotal tales about their travel in Mexico, Guatemala, and Honduras visiting the ruins of many ancient Maya sites. The combination of vivid descriptions by Stephens and the â€Å"romanticized† drawings of Catherwood made the ancient Maya known to a wide audience. Stephens and Catherwood: First Meetings John Lloyd Stephens was an American writer, diplomat, and explorer. Trained in law, in 1834 he went to Europe and visited Egypt and the Near East. At his return, he wrote a series of books about his travels in the Levant. In 1836 Stephens was in London and here he met his future traveling companion Frederick Catherwood, an English artist and architect. Together they planned to travel in Central America and visit the ancient ruins of this region. Stephens was an expert entrepreneur, not a risky adventurer, and he carefully planned the trip following the then-available reports of ruined cities of Mesoamerica written by Alexander von Humbolt, by the Spanish officer Juan Galindo about the cities of Copan and Palenque, and by Captain Antonio del Rio’s report published in London in 1822 with the illustrations by Frederick Waldeck. In 1839 Stephens was appointed by the U.S. president, Martin Van Buren, as ambassador to Central America. He and Catherwood reached Belize (then British Honduras) in October of the same year and for almost a year they traveled across the country, alternating the diplomatic mission of Stephens with their exploring interest. Stephens and Catherwood at Copn Once landed in British Honduras, they visited Copn and spent there few weeks mapping the site, and making drawings. There is a long-standing myth that the ruins of Copn were purchased by the two travelers for 50 dollars. However, they actually only bought the right to draw and map its buildings and carved stones. Catherwoods illustrations of Copan’s site core and carved stones are impressive, even if â€Å"embellished† by a romantic taste. These drawings were made with the aid of a camera lucida, an instrument that reproduced the image of the object on a sheet of paper so that an outline could then be traced. At Palenque Stephens and Catherwood moved then to Mexico, anxious to reach Palenque. While in Guatemala they visited the site of Quirigu, and before wending their way towards Palenque, they passed by Tonin in the Chiapas highlands. They arrived at Palenque in May of 1840. At Palenque the two explorers stayed for almost a month, choosing the Palace as their camp base. They measured, mapped and drew many buildings of the ancient city; one especially accurate drawing was their recording of the Temple of the Inscriptions and the Cross Group. While there, Catherwood contracted malaria and in June they left for the Yucatan peninsula. See the Walking Tour of Palenque Stephens and Catherwood in Yucatan While in New York, Stephens made the acquaintance of a rich Mexican landowner, Simon Peon, who had extensive holdings in Yucatan. Among these was the Hacienda Uxmal, a huge farm, on whose lands laid the ruins of the Maya city of Uxmal. The first day, Stephens went to visit the ruins by himself, because Catherwood was still sick, but the following days the artist accompanied the explorer and made some wonderful illustrations of the site buildings and of its elegant Puuc architecture, especially the House of the Nuns, (also called the Nunnery Quadrangle), the House of the Dwarf (or Pyramid of the Magician), and the House of the Governor. Last Travels in Yucatan Because of Catherwood’s health problems, the team decided to return from Central America and arrived in New York on July 31st, 1840, almost ten months after their departure. At home, they had been preceded by their popularity, since most of Stephens travel notes and letters had been published in a magazine. Stephens had also tried to purchase the monuments of many Maya sites with the dream of having them dismantled and shipped to New York where he was planning on opening a Museum of Central America. In 1841, they organized a second expedition to Yucatan, which took place between 1841 and 1842. This last expedition led to the publication of a further book in 1843, Incidents of Travel in Yucatan. They are reported to have visited a total of more than 40 Maya ruins. Stephens died of Malaria in 1852, while he was working on the Panama railroad, whereas Catherwood died in 1855 ​when the steamship he was riding in sank. Legacy of Stephens and Catherwood Stephens and Catherwood introduced the ancient Maya to the Western popular imagination, as other explorers and archaeologists had done for the Greeks, Romans and ancient Egypt. Their books and illustrations provide accurate depictions of many Maya sites and a lot of information about the contemporary situation in Central America. They were also among the first to discredit the idea that these ancient cities were built by the Egyptians, the people of Atlantis or the lost Tribe of Israel. However, they didn’t believe that the ancestors of the native Mayans could have built these cities, but that they must have been built by some ancient population now disappeared. Sources Harris, Peter, 2006, Cities of Stone: Stephens and Catherwood in Yucatan, 1839-1842, in Co-Incidents of Travels in Yucatan. Photoarts Journal ( photoarts.com/harris/z.html) accessed online (July-07-2011) Palmquist, Peter E., and Thomas R. Kailbourn, 2000, John Lloyd Stephens (entry), in Pioneer Photographers of the Far West: a Biographical Dictionary, 1840-1865. Stanford University Press, pp. 523-527 Stephens, John Lloyd, and Frederick Catherwood, 1854, Incidents of Travel in Central America, Chiapas and Yucatan, Arthur Hall, Virtue and Co., London (digitized by Google).

Reducing Secondhand Smoke on Children Research Paper - 4

Reducing Secondhand Smoke on Children - Research Paper Example So the one sure shot and authentic way of curtailing second hand smoke in the case of children is to convince the adults and guardians to quit smoking. Once the parents and guardians quit smoking it automatically removes the source of secondhand smoke at home and in the family car where the children are most vulnerable of catching on secondhand smoke and fumes (Harutyunyan et al., 2013). If this is not possible than the second best option is to request the family members and people in general not to smoke at home and in the family car (Harutyunyan et al., 2013). Besides the parents need to make it a point to assure that the people who take care of children like babysitters and nannies do not smoke around children. The others possible place where children could get exposed to secondhand smoke are the places, including the public places where smoking is allowed (Gordon, Friel, & McGranachan, 2012). Any child visiting such a place, including say a public space is poised to get exposed to secondhand smoke. So parents and guardians should look to it that they do not visit such places with their children where smoking is allowed. Keeping children away from public places where smoking is allowed is one salient way of cutting the secondhand smoke on children (Stosic, Milutinovic, Lazarevic, Blagojevic, & Tadic, 2012). This includes choosing such restaurants and recreational places which are smoke free or where smoking is not allowed (Stoic et al., 2012). This also tends to include such indoor places where smoking is allowed and where children are more likely to get exposed to secondhand smoking. It is a known fact that secondhand smoke causes greater harm when it is inhaled at such places which are c losed or are not well ventilated. The parents and guardians do need to understand the fact that secondhand smoke is utterly hazardous and could wreck havoc on the health and well being of

Understand the importance of early intrevention to support the Assignment

Understand the importance of early intrevention to support the speech,language and communication needs of children and young people - Assignment Example Early mediation means making a brief intercession to backing the child and their families. In the event that a child gets the right help early, they have a higher chance of tackling issues, communicating appropriately and making advancements in their lives (Guitar 2005, p. 293). If these problems are not recognized early on, then the child’s future development is at risk and they risk having problems in future. The early years are a period for kids advancement as their brains are yet forming and thus it is very important to recognize if the child has communication and language difficulties. A child’s speech, language and communication affects other areas of their lives and thus any challenges may hinder their development. They may find it hard to control their conduct and play with other kids which makes them feel detached and baffled. Language is connected to the advancement of proficiency (Guitar 2005, p. 292). Kids who have poor speech will find it hard to comprehend the connection in the middle of sounds and letter shapes so reading and writing could be postponed. Discovering approaches to help the youngster convey will help their self-esteem and help keep them from anti-social behavior practices. By cooperating as a group, multi-agencies can help a child to achieve their maximum capacity. These groups may incorporate speech and language specialist, instructive, therapist, physiotherapist, occupational advisor, Health visitors and pro educators for learning Support. They can get together and talk through what kind of help the kid, family and setting needs. It helps on the grounds that they can all set an objective or target together and concentrate on the primary issues (Guitar 2005, p. 294). In their gatherings they can examine who is going help the child and families and the when and wheres. This can give details to those working with the child of where to get help if more of it is required. Ensuring that each and every person included